Black Stone Flower (Kalpasi) Export

What It Is

Black Stone Flower, scientifically known as Parmotrema perlatum, is a type of lichen commonly referred to as Kalpasi in South India, Patthar ka Phool in North India, and by various other local names across the world. It is a rare, aromatic spice that grows naturally on rocks, stones, and tree barks in humid and mountainous regions. Unlike conventional spices, it is not a seed, bark, or fruit but a dried lichen that develops from a unique symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae.

This spice has a distinct earthy aroma with a smoky, woody, and slightly astringent flavor, making it a prized ingredient in traditional cuisines, spice blends, and even in natural medicine. Black Stone Flower is widely used in India, Nigeria, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and some African regions, with growing demand in international markets, particularly in Europe, the Middle East, and North America.

Uses of Black Stone Flower (Kalpasi)

1. Culinary Uses

   • An essential ingredient in Indian and African spice blends such as garam masala, goda masala, and biryani masala.

   • Adds unique flavor to curries, stews, sauces, marinades, and soups.

   • Used in traditional Nigerian cuisine for pepper soups, jollof rice seasoning, and goat meat dishes.

   • A key spice in vegetarian and non-vegetarian dishes due to its deep aroma.

2. Medicinal Uses

   • Traditionally used in Ayurvedic and folk medicine for its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.

   • Helps in treating respiratory issues such as asthma, cough, and bronchitis.

   • Aids in digestion and may relieve bloating and indigestion.

   • Used in herbal remedies for wound healing and skin infections.

3. Industrial Uses

   • Extracts of lichen are used in perfume and fragrance production due to their natural earthy aroma.

   • Plays a role in the preparation of dyes and natural colorants.

   • Has applications in traditional medicine and nutraceutical industries.

Global Market Demand

The demand for Black Stone Flower is steadily increasing due to its rarity and unique culinary importance. In Nigeria, India, and some African countries, it is widely consumed locally. Export opportunities are significant in:

• Europe: Especially in gourmet restaurants and specialty spice markets.

• Middle East: For use in traditional meat dishes and spice blends.

• North America & UK: Among African and Indian diaspora communities.

With the global rise in interest for organic spices and traditional herbs, Black Stone Flower is emerging as a high-value export commodity.

Export Specifications

1. Forms Available for Export

   • Whole Dried Kalpasi (Black Stone Flower)

   • Ground Kalpasi Powder (used in spice blends)

2. Quality Standards

   • Free from dirt, stones, and other foreign matter.

   • Moisture content: Below 12%.

   • No chemical additives or artificial coloring.

   • Properly sun-dried to maintain aroma and flavor.

3. Packaging

   • Polypropylene (PP) bags, jute bags, or vacuum-sealed pouches.

   • Retail packs: 50g, 100g, 250g, 500g, 1kg.

   • Bulk packs: 25kg or 50kg bags.

4. Storage Conditions

   • Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.

   • Keep in airtight containers to preserve flavor.

   • Shelf life: 12–18 months if stored properly.

5. HS Code

   • HS Code: 12119029 – Other dried plants, parts of plants, seeds, and fruits used primarily in perfumery, pharmacy, or for insecticidal, fungicidal purposes.

Sourcing in Nigeria

Black Stone Flower is naturally found in certain rocky and humid regions of Nigeria, often harvested in rural areas by local collectors. It is then dried, cleaned, and graded for both local consumption and export. Nigeria has an advantage due to the natural growth of Kalpasi in specific ecological zones, creating a viable export opportunity.

Export Process

1. Sourcing & Collection – Work with local farmers/collectors to obtain high-quality Kalpasi.

2. Cleaning & Sorting – Removal of dust, stones, and impurities.

3. Drying – Proper sun-drying or mechanical drying to reduce moisture.

4. Grading – Based on aroma, size, and purity.

5. Packaging – Use export-standard packaging to meet international requirements.

6. Documentation & Shipping – Complete export documentation including phytosanitary certificates, fumigation reports, and Certificates of Origin.

Export Potential

• Increasing demand in spice manufacturing companies worldwide.

• Potential for value addition by processing into powders, capsules, and herbal extracts.

• Growing recognition in the organic spice trade market.

• Can be positioned as a premium ethnic spice for diaspora markets.

Conclusion:
Black Stone Flower (Kalpasi) is not just a spice—it is a rare, aromatic, and medicinal product with vast export potential. With proper sourcing, processing, and packaging, exporters can tap into lucrative markets in Europe, Asia, and the Americas where the demand for ethnic and organic spices continues to rise.